Difference between revisions of "Communist Combatant Cells"
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| − | | | + | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Combatant_Cells |
| − | | | + | |spartacus= |
| − | | | + | |constitutes=Urban guerrilla organization |
| − | | | + | |headquarters= |
| − | | | + | |founders=Pierre Carette |
| − | | | + | |members=Bertrand Sassoye, Pascale Vandegeerde, Didier Chevolet, Didier Sampieri |
| − | | | + | |start=1983 |
| − | | | + | |end=1986 |
| − | | | + | |image=Communist Combatant Cells.png |
| − | | | + | |name = Cellules Communistes Combattantes |
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'''Cellules Communistes Combattantes''' ('''CCC'''; Communist Combatant Cells, also known as Fighting Communist Cells) was a [[Communism|Communist]] [[Belgium|Belgian]] [[Urban guerrilla warfare|urban guerrilla]] organization. | '''Cellules Communistes Combattantes''' ('''CCC'''; Communist Combatant Cells, also known as Fighting Communist Cells) was a [[Communism|Communist]] [[Belgium|Belgian]] [[Urban guerrilla warfare|urban guerrilla]] organization. | ||
| − | The cells were active for less than two years in the mid-1980s; primarily engaged in [[bomb attack|bombings]] within Belgium's borders. CCC attacked perceived enemies of [[communism]], specifically [[NATO]], [[United States|US]] and other international businesses and the [[Federation of Belgian Enterprises]]. The Cellules Communistes Combattantes primarily targeted [[property]] rather than human representatives of [[capitalism]], [[NATO]], etc., and warned authorities ahead of an attack. Nevertheless, CCC bombings led to several injuries and two deaths. | + | ==History== |
| − | + | The cells were active for less than two years in the mid-[[1980s]]; primarily engaged in [[bomb attack|bombings]] within Belgium's borders. CCC attacked perceived enemies of [[communism]], specifically [[NATO]], [[United States|US]] and other international businesses and the [[Federation of Belgian Enterprises]]. The Cellules Communistes Combattantes primarily targeted [[property]] rather than human representatives of [[capitalism]], [[NATO]], etc., and warned authorities ahead of an attack. Nevertheless, CCC bombings led to several injuries and two deaths. | |
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| − | + | The CCC's spate of bombings in [[1985]], as well as the unrelated [[Brabant killers|Brabant killings]] at the time, shook this otherwise relatively tranquil country and created widespread security concerns. The government decided to deploy about 1,000 soldiers from the Belgian army as part of PM [[Wilfried Martens]]' security plan.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1985/11/24/world/belgium-is-shaken-by-bombs-and-crazy-killers.html</ref> | |
| − | + | In December 1985, [[Law enforcement in Belgium|police]] arrested CCC leader and founder [[Pierre Carette]] and others, in an American-styled burger restaurant. Carette's conviction on 14 January [[1986]] essentially eliminated the CCC. | |
| − | + | Pierre Carette was released from prison in February [[2003]]. In [[2008]], [[Pierre Carette]] and Bertrand Sassoye were arrested again on parole violations and connections to the Italian terrorist group ''[[Political-Military Communist Party|Partito Comunista Politico-Militare]]'', but they were released by the court a few days later, on 18 June.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20080609023641/http://www.rtbf.be/info/societe/judiciaire/ccc-5-interpellations-en-belgique</ref><ref>http://archives.lesoir.be/justice-l-ex-chef-des-ccc-qui-a-respecte-sa_t-20080619-00GKQR.html</ref> | |
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==Attacks== | ==Attacks== | ||
| − | * | + | * 02 October 1984 – attack against the American company [[Litton Industries]] in Evere, on the 2nd anniversary of the [[Litton Industries bombing]] in Canada |
| − | * | + | * 03 October 1984 – attack on the German company [[MAN SE|MAN AG]] in Groot-Bijgaarden |
| − | * | + | * 08 October 1984 – attack on the American company [[Honeywell]] in Evere |
| − | * 15 October 1984 – attack on the ''Paul Hymans'' institute (a [[liberalism|liberal]] organization in | + | * 15 October 1984 – attack on the ''Paul Hymans'' institute (a [[liberalism|liberal]] organization in Ixelles) |
| − | * 17 October 1984 – attack on the [[Christelijke Volkspartij|CVP]] party bureau in | + | * 17 October 1984 – attack on the [[Christelijke Volkspartij|CVP]] party bureau in Ghent |
| − | * 26 October 1985 – attack on the Belgian military base in | + | * 26 October 1985 – attack on the Belgian military base in Bierset |
| − | * 11 December 1984 – attack on [[NATO]] pipelines in | + | * 11 December 1984 – attack on [[NATO]] pipelines in Ensival, Gages, Gastuche, Glaaien and Itter |
* 15 January 1985 – attack on a NATO/[[Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe|SHAPE]] support group in [[Woluwe-Saint-Lambert]] | * 15 January 1985 – attack on a NATO/[[Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe|SHAPE]] support group in [[Woluwe-Saint-Lambert]] | ||
| − | * | + | * 01 May 1985 – attack on the [[Federation of Belgian Enterprises]], killing two firefighters and wounding 13 others |
| − | * | + | * 06 May 1985 – attack on the Belgian police in Woluwe-Saint-Lambert |
| − | * | + | * 08 October 1985 – attack on the Belgian company [[Electrabel|Sibelgaz]] in Laeken |
| − | * 12 October 1985 – attack on the Belgian company | + | * 12 October 1985 – attack on the Belgian company Fabrimetal in Charleroi |
| − | * | + | * 04 November 1985 – attack on the Belgian company [[ING Group|BBL]] in Etterbeek |
| − | * | + | * 04 November 1985 – attack on the American company [[Manufacturers Hanover Corporation]] |
| − | * | + | * 04 November 1985 – attack on the Belgian company Generale Bank in Charleroi |
| − | * | + | * 05 November 1985 – attack on the Belgian company [[KBC Bank|KB Bank]] in Leuven <ref>In mededeling na CCC-aanslagen regering roept bevolking op tot waakzaamheid, [[De Standaard]], pages 1, 1985-11-06</ref> |
| − | + | * 05 November 1985 – attack on the American company [[Motorola]] in Watermael-Boitsfort | |
| − | + | * 04 December 1985 – attack on the American company [[Bank of America]] in Antwerp | |
| − | + | * 06 December 1985 – attack on a NATO pipeline in Wortegem-Petegem | |
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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*[[Revolutionary Front for Proletarian Action]] | *[[Revolutionary Front for Proletarian Action]] | ||
*[[Westland New Post]] | *[[Westland New Post]] | ||
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| + | |date=03 March 2022 | ||
| + | |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Combatant_Cells | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
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Revision as of 21:47, 3 March 2022
This page imported content from the Wikipedia article as it appeared 3 March 2022.
 Cellules Communistes Combattantes  (Urban guerrilla organization)   | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Formation | 1983 |
| Founder | Pierre Carette |
| Extinction | 1986 |
| Membership | • Bertrand Sassoye • Pascale Vandegeerde • Didier Chevolet • Didier Sampieri |
Cellules Communistes Combattantes (CCC; Communist Combatant Cells, also known as Fighting Communist Cells) was a Communist Belgian urban guerrilla organization.
Contents
History
The cells were active for less than two years in the mid-1980s; primarily engaged in bombings within Belgium's borders. CCC attacked perceived enemies of communism, specifically NATO, US and other international businesses and the Federation of Belgian Enterprises. The Cellules Communistes Combattantes primarily targeted property rather than human representatives of capitalism, NATO, etc., and warned authorities ahead of an attack. Nevertheless, CCC bombings led to several injuries and two deaths.
The CCC's spate of bombings in 1985, as well as the unrelated Brabant killings at the time, shook this otherwise relatively tranquil country and created widespread security concerns. The government decided to deploy about 1,000 soldiers from the Belgian army as part of PM Wilfried Martens' security plan.[1]
In December 1985, police arrested CCC leader and founder Pierre Carette and others, in an American-styled burger restaurant. Carette's conviction on 14 January 1986 essentially eliminated the CCC.
Pierre Carette was released from prison in February 2003. In 2008, Pierre Carette and Bertrand Sassoye were arrested again on parole violations and connections to the Italian terrorist group Partito Comunista Politico-Militare, but they were released by the court a few days later, on 18 June.[2][3]
Attacks
- 02 October 1984 – attack against the American company Litton Industries in Evere, on the 2nd anniversary of the Litton Industries bombing in Canada
- 03 October 1984 – attack on the German company MAN AG in Groot-Bijgaarden
- 08 October 1984 – attack on the American company Honeywell in Evere
- 15 October 1984 – attack on the Paul Hymans institute (a liberal organization in Ixelles)
- 17 October 1984 – attack on the CVP party bureau in Ghent
- 26 October 1985 – attack on the Belgian military base in Bierset
- 11 December 1984 – attack on NATO pipelines in Ensival, Gages, Gastuche, Glaaien and Itter
- 15 January 1985 – attack on a NATO/SHAPE support group in Woluwe-Saint-Lambert
- 01 May 1985 – attack on the Federation of Belgian Enterprises, killing two firefighters and wounding 13 others
- 06 May 1985 – attack on the Belgian police in Woluwe-Saint-Lambert
- 08 October 1985 – attack on the Belgian company Sibelgaz in Laeken
- 12 October 1985 – attack on the Belgian company Fabrimetal in Charleroi
- 04 November 1985 – attack on the Belgian company BBL in Etterbeek
- 04 November 1985 – attack on the American company Manufacturers Hanover Corporation
- 04 November 1985 – attack on the Belgian company Generale Bank in Charleroi
- 05 November 1985 – attack on the Belgian company KB Bank in Leuven [4]
- 05 November 1985 – attack on the American company Motorola in Watermael-Boitsfort
- 04 December 1985 – attack on the American company Bank of America in Antwerp
- 06 December 1985 – attack on a NATO pipeline in Wortegem-Petegem
See also
This page imported content from Wikipedia on 03 March 2022.Wikipedia is not affiliated with Wikispooks. Original page source here
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References
- ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/1985/11/24/world/belgium-is-shaken-by-bombs-and-crazy-killers.html
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20080609023641/http://www.rtbf.be/info/societe/judiciaire/ccc-5-interpellations-en-belgique
- ↑ http://archives.lesoir.be/justice-l-ex-chef-des-ccc-qui-a-respecte-sa_t-20080619-00GKQR.html
- ↑ In mededeling na CCC-aanslagen regering roept bevolking op tot waakzaamheid, De Standaard, pages 1, 1985-11-06
