1866

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( 1860s: )     1866
Alfred Nobel invents dynamite
year 1866

In 1866 King Leopold of Belgium declared that "the world is pretty well pillaged already".

Events

• March 13 – The United States Congress overwhelmingly passes the Civil Rights Act of 1866, the first federal legislation to protect the rights of African-Americans; U.S. President Andrew Johnson vetoes the bill on March 27, and Congress overrides the veto on April 9.
• April 4 – Alexander II of Russia narrowly escapes an assassination attempt in the city of St Petersburg.
• May 2 – Battle of Callao: Peruvian defenders fight the Spanish fleet.
• May 7 – Student Ferdinand Cohen-Blind makes a failed attempt to assassinate Otto von Bismarck in Unter den Linden in Berlin.
• June 8 – The Parliament of Canada meets for the first time in Ottawa.
• June 14 – The Austro-Prussian War begins, when the Austrians and most of the medium German states declare war on Prussia.
• June 20 – The Kingdom of Italy declares war on Austria.
• June 22 – In Sweden, the Riksdag of the Estates votes to replace itself by an elected two-chamber Riksdag.
• July 13 (July 1 Old Style) – The first Constitution of Romania is issued.
• July 24 – Reconstruction: Tennessee becomes the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.
• July 27 – The SS Great Eastern successfully completes laying the transatlantic telegraph cable between Valentia Island, Ireland and Heart's Content, Newfoundland, permanently restoring a communications link.
• August 23 – The Treaty of Prague ends the Austro-Prussian War. The Duchy of Limburg leaves the German Confederation.
• October 12 – The Treaty of Vienna ends the war between Austria and Italy; it formalizes the annexation of Venetia by Italy.
• October 14 – French troops under the command of Rear Admiral Pierre-Gustave Roze land at Ganghwa Island, Korea as part of a punitive expedition against that kingdom for the execution of French Jesuit priests. It is the first military contact between Korea and a Western force.

Date unknown

• Alfred Nobel invents dynamite in Germany.
• Foundation of the predecessors of Nestlé S.A., the Anglo-Swiss Milk Company and Farine Lactée Henri Nestlé.
• The Famine of 1866–68 begins in Finland.
• Erasmus Jacobs discovers the 21.25 carats (4.250 g) Eureka Diamond near Hopetown on the banks of the Orange River in the Cape of Good Hope.

 

Events

Event	Start	End
Pax Brittanica	1815	1915
Victorian era	1840	1901

 

New Groups

Group	Image	Type	Description
American University of Beirut		Military ranks	Prestigious US-run university in Lebanon
University of New Hampshire		Public Flagship Land grant Sea grant Space grant	The largest university in the US state of New Hampshire
College of Wooster		Military ranks Liberal arts	Private liberal arts college in Ohio

 

==A Quotation== 

Births

Title	Born	Place of birth	Died	Summary	Description
James Harbord	21 March 1866	US Illinois Bloomington	20 August 1947	Soldier
Robert Livingston Beeckman	15 April 1866		21 January 1935	Politician Financier
Henri Deterding	19 April 1866		4 February 1939	Deep politician	Anglo-Dutch oil tycoon, one of the richest men in the world, oil cartel instigator, very early sponsor of Hitler
Hiram Johnson	2 September 1866	California Sacramento	6 August 1945	Politician	A leading US "isolationist" politician.
H. G. Wells	21 September 1866	Kent Bromley UK	13 August 1946	Author	English science fiction writer and futurist
Ramsay MacDonald	12 October 1866	Scotland Lossiemouth Morayshire UK	9 November 1937	Journalist Politician